静态代理与旋转代理:详细比较

代理在帮助企业进行关键的网络研究方面发挥着重要作用。
1 min read
静态代理与旋转代理

在本文中,我们将讨论:

  • 什么是代理?
  • 为什么需要代理?
  • 什么是静态代理?
  • 什么是旋转代理?
  • 静态代理和旋转代理比较
  • 静态代理与旋转代理的使用案例

什么是代理?

代理服务器(proxy server)充当请求网页的客户端与提供网页的服务器之间的中介。代理提供匿名性,可以打破许多网站为防止其网站被抓取而设置的限制。

为什么需要代理?

许多企业有兴趣收集大量的网页数据以支持其广告验证价格监控社交媒体监控、声誉管理或数据抓取需求。

不幸的是,许多网站对从其网站收集的数据类型设有限制。几乎所有网站都有一个robots.txt文件,描述了网站所有者希望网络爬虫遵守的规则。

许多网站对网络爬虫实施限制。这些限制包括地理限制(网站仅对特定地理区域的访问者可见)和请求量限制(5分钟内100个请求)。当检测到这种活动时,网站可能会启用阻止技术,如验证码(CAPTCHA)或拒绝加载页面。

代理可以通过将流量路由到看似合法的网络访问者的IP地址来帮助绕过这些限制。

什么是静态代理?

静态代理的IP地址不会随时间变化。静态代理是一组由数据中心和ISP出售或出租的IP地址。

静态代理提供了许多优势。由于请求者和目标网站之间只有一个“跳跃”,它们的性能更快。最大的优势之一是可以选择永久保留IP地址——只要需要,它就会一直属于你。

静态代理也有一些缺点。根据你的需求,静态IP地址的供应可能无法满足你数据抓取的所有地理需求。一些购物网站(如亚马逊)会阻止发送过多请求的静态IP地址。

什么是旋转代理?

旋转代理会在你使用的IP地址不可用时或在你的代理管理器中配置了自动IP轮换时为你分配一个新的IP地址。IP地址可以根据预定的时间段(秒/分钟)、一定数量的请求后或在使用的IP不可用时轮换。代理管理系统管理何时以及如何为你分配新的IP地址。旋转代理从一个住宅或住宅移动IP地址池中提取地址。人们选择将他们的设备连接到网络以换取免费或无广告的应用程序。

旋转代理相对于静态代理有许多优势。首先,旋转代理使用来自数百万家庭和移动设备的IP地址。这使得地理定位精确到城市/州级别。其次,IP轮换与来自住宅/移动设备的合法IP的结合使得旋转IP非常难以检测。

旋转代理有三个主要缺点。旋转代理比静态代理慢。在需要网关代理服务器分配新IP地址的过程中增加了一个额外的“跳跃”。IP地址池(住宅/移动设备)通常比数据中心或ISP代理的带宽更低。最后,旋转代理通常更贵,因为代理供应商需要获取和维护数百万个IP地址。

静态代理和旋转代理比较

静态代理 旋转代理
IP地址 固定。IP地址从数据中心或ISP处购买或租用 可变。根据配置方式分配新IP地址。
最佳用途 针对较简单网站的公司,可以受益于速度更快的静态IP池。包括的使用案例:账号管理和广告验证。 针对复杂网站的公司,可以受益于IP轮换。
阻止风险 可检测 难以检测

静态代理与旋转代理的使用案例

静态代理和旋转代理的使用案例差异很大。常见的使用案例包括:

静态代理使用案例

  • 广告验证。能够以特定国家/州/城市用户的身份查看广告,使营销人员能够确保正确的信息和图像传递给正确的受众,并引导到正确的登录页面。
  • 网络渗透攻击测试。ISO 27001认证要求进行网络渗透测试。静态代理可以促进所需的数量、速度和匿名性,以进行良好的渗透测试。
  • 社交媒体账号管理。管理多个Facebook、Instagram和其他社交媒体账户的不同地理位置。可以与最佳反检测浏览器集成。
  • 声誉管理。静态代理适合收集有关公司形象的网络数据。这可以包括正面和负面的客户评价、新闻报道和社交媒体提及。

旋转代理使用案例

  • 电子商务竞争市场分析。收集竞争对手的定价信息和产品库存数据。
  • 商业智能。抓取敏感的公开数据,如LinkedIn信息,需要旋转住宅代理提供的匿名性和规模。

结论

静态和动态代理各有优缺点。要知道使用哪种代理,你需要问自己以下问题:我想抓取的网站有多复杂?我是否需要长期使用这些IP?我是否需要立即访问(因为旋转代理需要进行KYC过程)?

一旦确定了所需的代理类型,请填写下表以获取7天免费试用,亲自看看代理的表现。

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Static vs Rotating Proxies: Detailed Comparison

5 min read

In this article, we will discuss:

What is a Proxy?

A proxy server acts as an intermediary between a client who requests a web page and the server that provides it. Proxies provide anonymity, which can defeat the restrictions many websites put in place to prevent their sites from being scraped.

Why are Proxies Needed?

Many businesses are interested in gathering large amounts of web data to support their Ad Verification, Price Monitoring, Social Media Monitoring, Reputation Management, or Data Scraping needs.

Unfortunately, many websites place restrictions on what types of data can be harvested from their sites. Almost all websites have a robots.txt file that describes the rules the website owner wants web crawlers to follow.

Many sites enforce restrictions on web crawlers. These include geographic restrictions (the site is only visible to visitors in specific geographic areas) and volume requests (100 requests in 5 minutes). When this type of activity is detected, websites can put up blocking technologies like CAPTCHAs or just refuse to load pages.

Proxies can help bypass these restrictions by routing traffic through IP addresses that appear to be legitimate web visitors.

What is a Static Proxy?

The IP address of a static proxy does not change over time. Static proxies are groups of IP addresses that data centers and ISPs sell or lease.

Static proxies offer a number of advantages. Since there is only one ‘hop’ between the requestor and the target website they perform faster. One of the biggest advantages is the option to keep the IP “for life” – it will be yours as long as you need it.

Static proxies also have some disadvantages. Depending on your requirements, the supply of static IP addresses might not cover all of the geographic needs for your data scraping. Some shopping websites, like Amazon, block static IP addresses that send too many requests.

What is a Rotating Proxy?

Rotating proxies give you a new IP address if the IP you are using isn’t available anymore or if you configured an automated IP rotation in your proxy manager. The IP addresses can rotate based on a predefined period of time (seconds/minutes), after a certain number of requests, or as soon as the used IP isn’t available anymore. The proxy management system manages when and how new IP addresses are assigned to you. Rotating proxies pull the addresses from a pool of residential or mobile IP addresses. People choose to connect their devices to the network in exchange for a free or ad-free app.

Rotating proxies offer a number of advantages over static proxies. First, rotating proxies use IP addresses from millions of homes and mobile devices. This enables geographic targeting down to the city/state level. Second, the combination of IP rotation plus legitimate IPs from residential/mobile devices makes rotating IPs very hard to detect.

There are three main disadvantages to rotating proxies. Rotating proxies are slower than static proxies. There is an extra ‘hop’ in the process with the need for a gateway proxy server to assign a new IP address. The pool of IP addresses (residences/mobile devices) usually has lower bandwidth than data center or ISP proxies. Finally, rotating proxies are usually more expensive since the proxy supplier has to source and maintain millions of IP addresses.

Static and Rotating Proxies Comparison

Static Proxies Rotating Proxies
IP Addresses Fixed. IP addresses are purchased or leased from data centers or ISPs Variable. A new IP address is assigned if configured that way.
Best for Companies targeting less-complex websites that can benefit from a faster pool of static IPs. Included use cases: account management and ad verification. Companies targeting sophisticated websites that can benefit from IP rotation
Block Risk Detectable Harder to detect

Static vs. Rotating Proxies Use Cases

Static and rotating proxies use cases vary significantly. The common use cases include:

Static Proxy Use Cases

  • Ad Verification. Being able to view ads as a user from specific countries/states/cities enables marketers to ensure that the right messaging and imagery are being served to the correct audience and leading to the right landing page.
  • Network Penetration Attack Testing. ISO 27001 certifications require a network penetration test. Static proxies can facilitate the volume, speed, and anonymity required for good penetration tests.
  • Social media account management. Manage multiple Facebook, Instagram, and other social media accounts from different geolocations. Can be integrated with the best antidetect browsers.
  • Reputation Management. Static proxies are good for collecting data about your company’s image on the web. This can include items like positive and negative customer reviews, press mentions, and social media mentions.

Rotating Proxy Use Cases

  • eCommerce competitive market analysis. Collect pricing information and product inventory data from your competitors.
  • Business Intelligence. Scraping sensitive public data, like LinkedIn information, requires the anonymity and scale that rotating residential proxies can provide.

Conclusion

Both static and dynamic proxies have pros and cons. To know which one to use, you need to ask yourself the following questions: How complicated is the website I want to scrape? Do I need those IPs for the long-term? Do I need immediate access (as there is a KYC process for rotating proxies)?

Once you have determined which proxy type you need, fill out the form below to get a 7 day free trial and see how the proxies perform yourself.

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